Ethics and horticulture
نویسندگان
چکیده
Ethics refers to moral considerations on a human level. It includes standards of what is considered inherently “right or wrong” in terms of rights, obligations, and benefits to individuals and to society. Furthermore, ethical considerations involve the precepts of specific virtues such as honesty and fairness, and impose obligations on conduct, including the obligation to avoid harm to others and to abstain from misrepresentation or selectively using known information. Most professional organizations, in medicine for example, have developed standards of ethics for their practitioners. What may not be widely known is that similar standards are imposed within the plant sciences as well. The object of this essay is to consider ethical standards for the activity we know as horticulture, i.e., the growth, management, and use of plants such as fruits, vegetables, ornamentals, culinary spices, and medicinal plants (Aitken et al., 2012). We offer two overriding guidelines: “do no harm” and “do good” for producers, workers, consumers, and the environment. We realize that many people are directly or indirectly involved with horticultural activities along the entire supply chain and we acknowledge that a balance must be maintained between conflicting and competing issues and beliefs. Many different elements comprise horticulture. They can be considered to be the components of a supply chain and it is these that we examine individually below. However, given the integration that occurs in the pathway from producer to consumer, the responsibilities at one level will ipso facto transfer to those at all other levels within that chain. Producers
منابع مشابه
A summary of the main findings of a review of the literature on social and therapeutic horticulture – the use of horticulture and gardening to promote health, well-being and social inclusion
■ In some instances involvement in social and therapeutic horticulture programmes can also lead to employment or further training or education. ‘Horticultural therapy is the use of plants by a trained professional as a medium through which certain clinically defined goals may be met’. ‘Therapeutic horticulture is the process by which individuals may develop well-being using plants and horticult...
متن کاملJob Satisfaction and Preferences regarding Job Charactereistics of Vocationals and Master Craftsman Scholars and Horticulture Students in Germany
Labour costs account for 40 % of all the costs in German horticulture. Employee satisfaction has a significant impact on the economic and social sustainability of horticultural companies. Traditional linear relationships between environmental characteristics and subjective job satisfaction have been assumed in psychological research. Warr (2007) challenged this conception with the non-linear vi...
متن کاملE-Business in Agribusiness: Investigating the E-Readiness of Australian Horticulture Firms
This paper explores the e-readiness of firms in the Australian horticulture supply chain. The paper draws from the perceived e-readiness model (PERM) and relies on data collected from a survey of firms in the horticulture sector in Australia. The results indicate that while horticulture firms demonstrate relative organizational preparation for the conduct of e-business, the value network within...
متن کاملA summary of the main findings of a review of the literature on social and therapeutic horticulture – the use of horticulture and gardening to promote health, well-being and social inclusion
متن کامل
Ice Nucleation, Propagation, and Deep Supercooling in Woody Plants
Ice Nucleation, Propagation, and Deep Supercooling in Woody Plants M. Wisniewskia; M. Fullerb; J. Paltac; J. Carterd; R. Arorae a U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysvile, WV, USA b University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, UK c Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WA, USA d Department of Horticulture, U...
متن کامل